Online Safety Tips
I-Cybersecurity eku-inthanethi
Yini i-Cybersecurity?
I-Cybersecurity imane iyitemu elijwayelekile lobuchwepheshe, izinqubo nezinqubo ezisetshenziswayo vikela idatha eku-inthanethi kusukela ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe noma ukusetshenziswa kabi. Nsuku zonke, abantu babamba iqhaza ekuvikelekeni kwe-inthanethi lapho belandela amathiphu okuphepha ku-inthanethi nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Kulesi siqeshana, sizoxoxa ngokuthi sisho ukuthini uma sithi i-cybersecurity, nokuthi kungani ibalulekile. Sizophinde sabelane mayelana namathrendi we-cybersecurity namathiphu ahlukahlukene okugcina ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi.
Ukuphepha Ku-inthanethi Namagama Okumele Uwazi
Uma kuziwa ekufundeni mayelana ne-cybersecurity nokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, kungase kuzwakale sengathi udlula ku-jargon yobuchwepheshe eminingi. Kunemigomo eminingi ewusizo yokuphepha ku-inthanethi okufanele uyazi, kodwa sabelana ngamagama ambalwa nje ajwayelekile okuphepha ku-inthanethi:
Ukuphulwa Kwedatha Ukwephulwa kwedatha yinoma yisiphi isigameko esiholela ekwazisweni okuyimfihlo noma ulwazi lomuntu siqu lwabelwane, luntshontshwe noma ludluliselwe ngenye indlela. Abakhohlisi nabagebengu bavame ukukhomba ibhizinisi elinjengamabhange nabathengisi abakhulu ukuze bafinyelele ulwazi lomuntu siqu lwezezimali, kodwa ukwephulwa kwedatha kungenzeka noma yikuphi. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana ukuphendula ukwephulwa kwedatha , hlola lezi zinsiza.
Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha yinoma iyiphi isofthiwe enonya ehloselwe ukukhubaza noma ukuthelela ukusebenza kwedivayisi. Olunye uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha luvumela isigebengu se-inthanethi ukuthi silawule idivayisi sikude. Abasebenzisi bangagwema uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane nokulandela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zobuchwepheshe.
Ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni Ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha kusho ukulondoloza ikhophi yedatha kudivayisi yokugcina ehlukile, njenge-hard drive yangaphandle. Abantu abaningi futhi basebenzisa isitoreji samafu ukuze bagcine izipele ku-inthanethi.
Isitoreji Samafu “Ifu” liyindlela nje yokukhuluma ngamanethiwekhi oku-inthanethi nokugcina. Isitoreji samafu sihlukile kusitoreji sasendaweni, okufaka phakathi i-hard drive yekhompyutha yakho. Uma ulondoloza okuthile emafini, kuvele kugcinwe kwenye yamaseva amaningi akude atholakala emhlabeni wonke.
Kungani I-Cybersecurity Ibalulekile?
Impilo yesimanjemanje ixhumene ne-inthanethi. Cishe yonke imisebenzi yansuku zonke manje inethuba lokuhlanganiswa ku-inthanethi, futhi iningi lawo wonke umuntu unamadivayisi amaningi, okuhlanganisa amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amafoni, amaphilisi, amawashi ahlakaniphile, ama-smart TV nokunye. Uma unama-akhawunti amaningi kanye namadivayisi ku-inthanethi, makhulu amathuba okuba izigebengu zifinyelele ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu futhi zisizakale ngawe.
Ukuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile kungakhathaliseki ubudala bakho noma isigaba sempilo, kodwa kukhona okukhathazayo ngokukhethekile ngamaqembu athile asengozini njengezingane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala.
Ukuphepha Kwe-inthanethi Kwezingane
Bazali, lesi sigaba senu. Uma unezingane zanoma iyiphi iminyaka, udinga isu lokuthi ungazigcina kanjani izingane zakho ziphephile ku-inthanethi. I-inthanethi ingaba ithuluzi elihle lokufunda nokuzijabulisa, kodwa izingane kufanele zibheke kuphela izithombe, amavidiyo nolwazi oluhambisana neminyaka yobudala.
Izilawuli zabazali nezihlungi zokuqukethwe ziyindawo enhle yokuqala. Izinjini zokusesha zinezici "zosesho oluphephile" zokuhlunga okuqukethwe okungabazisayo, futhi kukhona nezinjini zokusesha ezikhethekile zezingane. Omakhalekhukhwini nabo banezinketho zokulawula kwabazali kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukusiza abazali bagcine izingane ziphephile ngenkathi beku-inthanethi. Ngeshwa, ezinye izigebengu nezidlakela eziku-inthanethi bathola izindlela zokudlula izihlungi nemizamo yokucwaninga.
Okunye okuqukethwe okubonakala kuklanyelwe izingane kungenzeka kufihle okuqukethwe okunodlame noma okocansi okuphazamisayo. Uma kungabaza, qaphela. Buka amavidiyo ngaphambi kokuba izingane zivunyelwe ukuwabuka, futhi qaphela imidlalo enemisebenzi yengxoxo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Khuthaza izingane zakho ukuthi zigweme ukukhuluma nabantu ezingabazi ku-inthanethi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ziyazazi izingozi eziku-inthanethi. Asikho isidingo sokuxakeka, vele uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo, qapha ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kwezingane zakho futhi ukhulume nazo mayelana nendlela yokuhlala uphephile ku-inthanethi.
Ukuphepha Kwe-inthanethi Kwentsha
Njengoba izingane zikhula, zizosebenzisa i-inthanethi ngaphandle kokugadwa okuqondile. Sikhuthaza abazali ukuthi baqhubeke nokuba nezingxoxo mayelana ne-cybersecurity nokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi intsha idala imikhuba enempilo ye-inthanethi. Nawa amathiphu asheshayo okuphepha ku-inthanethi entsheni:
Nciphisa Ubuchwepheshe Sebenzisa Sebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza olufana Isikhathi Sesikrini sika-Apple ukuqapha nokukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwefoni, ithebhulethi kanye nekhompyutha. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo zikhona kumafoni e-Android namanye amadivaysi.
Gcina Amadivayisi Angekho Emakamelweni Okulala Uma amakhompyutha, amafoni namathebulethi kuvunyelwe kuphela ezindaweni ezivamile endlini, kulula ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa. Ungasebenzisa umthetho wokuthi wonke amalungu omndeni - okuhlanganisa nabazali - ashaje amadivayisi abo ekhishini noma egumbini lokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Kungakuzuzisa nawe! Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwesikrini ngaphambi kokulala kwandisa ikhwalithi yokulala.
Khuluma Nge-inthanethi Intsha kufanele ikhululeke ukuya kubazali bayo noma kubabheki bayo ngezinto ezibakhathazayo mayelana nezinto eziyibona ku-inthanethi. Zama ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nezingane zakho mayelana nezingozi ze-inthanethi, futhi ubazise ukuthi ulapho ukuze uzisize futhi uzivikele.
Zilungiselele Ikusasa Njengezingane, izingane zithembele kubazali bazo nakubabheki babo ukuba babanikeze isivikelo neseluleko, kodwa abazali kufanele balungiselele izingane zabo ukuzimela. Khuluma nezingane mayelana nezinto ezifana nokubhanga okufanele, ukuphepha kwephasiwedi nokuvikelwa kwedatha.
Intsha kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha bangase babe sengozini yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile zokukhwabanisa ku-inthanethi, njengazo imikhonyovu yokuxolela imali yokubolekwa kwabafundi . Ukuvikela izingane ku-inthanethi kuqala ngokufundisa amathiphu ayisisekelo okuphepha ku-inthanethi zisencane.
Amathiphu Okuphepha
1. VIKELA ULWAZI LAKHO LOMUNTU NGAMAPHASWEDI AQINILE
Uma udala iphasiwedi entsha, naka izimfuneko eziqinile zephasiwedi.
Shintsha iphasiwedi yakho njalo.
Ungabelani ngamaphasiwedi akho nabanye abantu.
Ungasebenzisi amagama ayimfihlo ajwayelekile, aqageleka kalula.
Qiniseka ukuthi amagama ayimfihlo kanye namacebo ephasiwedi agcinwe ngokuphephile. Rekhoda amaphasiwedi efayeleni elibethelwe kukhompuyutha yakho, noma khetha elinye ukugcinwa kwephasiwedi okuvikelekile indlela.
2. GCINA ULWAZI LOMUNTU LUYIMFIHLO
Uma ubhalisela okuthile ku-inthanethi, funda imigomo nemibandela.
Ungalokothi ufake imininingwane yakho yezezimali kuwebhusayithi engavikelekile (bheka ilokhi noma isiqalo esithi "https://" kubha yekheli lesiphequluli).
Uma usola ukuthi imininingwane yekhadi lakho lesikweletu isetshenziswa kabi ku-inthanethi, vala ikhadi lakho usebenzisa i- Uhlelo lokusebenza lwebhange lweselula lwe-SNB SD .
Kubalulekile futhi ukuvikela imininingwane yakho yomuntu siqu ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ngoba uma ulwazi olubucayi seluntshontshiwe lungasabalala ku-inthanethi. Khumbula amathiphu afana nokuvikela i-PIN pad uma uthenga futhi ukufunda indlela yokubona umshicileli wekhadi lesikweletu kumaphampu kagesi . Ukusebenzisa ikhadi le-chip debit kungenye indlela yokuvikela ulwazi lwakho lwezezimali. Ubuchwepheshe be-chip obuyinkimbinkimbi yisizathu esisodwa nje kungani ikhadi le-chip livikeleke kakhulu kunekhadi ledebithi elivamile lakazibuthe.
3. YENZA ISIQINISEKISO UKUTHI AMADIVAYISI AKHO APHEPHILE
Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi nezinye izinketho zokuphepha njengezifundi zezigxivizo zeminwe nobuchwepheshe bokuskena ubuso. Omunye umbiko uthe u-30% wabasebenzisi be-smartphone abazange basebenzise amaphasiwedi, ukukhiya isikrini noma ezinye izici zokuphepha ukukhiya amafoni abo.
Vikela wonke amadivayisi, okuhlanganisa amakhompyutha, amafoni, amathebulethi namadivayisi afana namawashi ahlakaniphile nama-smart TV.
4. QAPHELA IZIBUYEKEZO ZESIFAZANE
faka ngokushesha izibuyekezo zesofthiwe, ikakhulukazi uma zifaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha okubalulekile.
Setha izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo kumadivayisi akho ukuze ungaphuthelwa neyodwa!
5. QAPHELA FUTHI QAPHELA KAKHULU MAYELANA NE-WIFI Connections
Ungakuthembi ukuphepha kwe-wifi yomphakathi. Gwema ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi e-wifi omphakathi angavikelekile.
Qiniseka ukuthi awakho amanethiwekhi e-wifi avikelekile ngamaphasiwedi aqinile.
Khumbula ithiphu #1 futhi ushintshe iphasiwedi yakho ye-wifi njalo.
6. SETHA UBUQINISEKISO BEZINTO EZIMBILI
Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili ukuze uvimbele izigebengu ze-inthanethi ekufinyeleleni ama-akhawunti akho omuntu siqu kanye nolwazi.
Engeza lesi sendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela ukuze ugcine ama-akhawunti akho ephephile nanoma othile azi iphasiwedi yakho.
7. YENZA ISIPELELE IDATHA YAKHO YOMUNTU
Gcina ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yolwazi lomuntu siqu kuma-hard drive angaphandle.
Dala izipele ezintsha njalo.
UKUGWEBA UKWEBIWA KOMZIMBA
Ukuqapha kancane kuhamba ibanga elide uma kuziwa ekuvikeleni ubuwena ku-inthanethi. Ukwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikeleka kungaba lula njengokubeka iso kuma-akhawunti akho, ukubheka umsebenzi osolisayo nokuchoboza amadokhumenti abucayi. Okunye ukwephulwa kwedatha kungaphezu kwamandla ethu, njengalapho abathengisi noma ezinye izinkampani zigetshengwa. Kufanele sethembe amabhizinisi athile ukuze anikeze idatha yomuntu siqu, kodwa sikhuthaza abantu ukuthi benze konke abangakwenza ukuze bavikele ulwazi lwabo oluyimfihlo.
Ubumfihlo obuphelele bunzima enkathini yedijithali, ngakho abasebenzisi kufanele baqaphele futhi baqaphele. Thatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi amasela antshontsha imininingwane yakho yomuntu siqu.
1. QAPHELA IMIBIKO YAKHO YESIKWELETU
Ukubeka iso kusikweletu sakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho ozama ukungcolisa imininingwane yakho yezezimali. Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi ubani owenza imibuzo mayelana nekhredithi yakho, ungacela umbiko wamahhala wesikweletu kunoma iyiphi yezinkampani ezintathu zikazwelonke ezibika ngezikweletu:
Sincoma ukuthi ubuyekeze imibiko yakho yezikweletu ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi awukho umsebenzi osolisayo futhi yonke into ibonakala ilindelekile.
Uma ufuna isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela, ukumisa izikweletu kuwumugqa osebenzayo wokuzivikela ekukhwabaniseni nasekuntshontsheni imininingwane. Kusukela ngo-September 2018, azikho izindleko, ngakho funda ungamisa kanjani isikweletu sakho mahhala .
2. QAPHELA UMSEBENZI ONGAJWAYELEKILE NJENGEZITATIMENDE NOMA IZIBILIKO
Naka izitatimende, amarisidi kanye nezikweletu. Uma ubhalisele izikweletu ze-elekthronikhi noma izitatimende, kulula kuzo ukuthi zilahleke ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo le-imeyili. Ukuhlala ubheka izitatimende kuzokusiza ukuthi uqaphele uma kukhona umsebenzi osolisayo owenzekayo kunoma yimaphi ama-akhawunti akho. Uma uba isisulu sokukhwabanisa, uzofuna ukukubamba ngokushesha futhi uxhumane nebhange lakho ukuze uthole usizo.
3. HLEKA AMADOKHUMENTI EZINGQUNGQENI EZIQUKETHWE ULWAZI LWEZEZIMALI NOMA OMUNTU
Ungalahli amadokhumenti abucayi kudoti! Sebenzisa isevisi yokushibilika amaphepha ukuze ulahle noma yini enegama lakho eliphelele, inombolo yocingo, ikheli, inombolo yezokuphepha komphakathi, imininingwane ye-akhawunti yasebhange noma eminye imininingwane eyimfihlo. Bheka lo mhlahlandlela owusizo wokuhlikihla, futhi ucabangele ukuhlukanisa amadokhumenti afana nalawa:
Amarisidi e-ATM
Izitatimende Zebhange Nekhadi Lesikweletu
Izikweletu ezikhokhelwe kanye nama-invoyisi
I-Pay Stubs
Credit Izipesheli
4. QAPHELA LAPHO UHAMBA
Usengozini enkulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokukhwabanisa nokwebiwa kwemininingwane yakho ngenkathi usohambeni. Uma ufuna vikela ubuwena ku-inthanethi ngenkathi usohambweni , thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe. Yazisa ibhange lakho lapho uya khona nokuthi uzohamba isikhathi esingakanani futhi ucele iposi ukuthi likubambele imeyili. Uma kukhona izikweletu okufanele uzikhokhe ngesikhathi uhambile, bona ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhlela izinkokhelo ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe.
Ngenkathi usohambweni lwakho, qaphela izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe ukuze uvikele izinto zakho siqu kanye nolwazi.
Uma udinga ukukhokha isikweletu ku-inthanethi ngenkathi ungekho, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumeke kunethiwekhi ye-wifi evikelekile.
Buza ihhotela lakho ukuthi igumbi lakho linesisefo yini, futhi usebenzise isisefo ukuze uvikele izinto ezibalulekile nemali eyengeziwe lapho ungekho ekamelweni lakho.
Qaphela lapho usebenzisa ikhadi lakho ledebithi ukuze ukhokhele abathengisi bendawo nabathengisi; uma ungabaza, khokha ngemali.
Phatha amakhophi amadokhumenti okuhamba abalulekile, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uwagcina ngokwehlukana nezinguqulo zokuqala. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuba nekhophi yedijithali yepasipoti yakho egcinwe ku-inthanethi, uma kwenzeka.